Model of Chemical Reactions

• H₂O + CO₂ ↔ H₂CO₃
  • molecules of carbon dioxide and water can be represented as
    . . . . . .O=C=O . + . H-O-H
    
  • accounting for polar bonds
    . . . . . . ^δ-O = C^δ+ = O^δ- . + . ^δ+H - ^δ-O-H^δ+
    
  • When the CO₂ dissolves in the H₂O,
    
  • the H of the water can hydrogen bond to the O of the carbon dioxide
    . . . O = C = O • H - O - H
    
  • but the two bonds on the H will equalize
    . . . O = C = O • H • O-H
    
  • which breaks the H-OH bond and strengthens the O-H bond
    . . . O = C = O - H . + . -OH
    
  • now the O has too many bonds, so breaks a C-O bond
    
    . . . . . . . |
    . . . O = C - O - H . + . -OH
    
  • leaving an unused bond location on the C which bonds to any available radical such as the -OH
    . . . . . . . .. OH
    . . . . . . .. /
    . . .O = C
    . . . . . . .. \
    . . . . . . . .. OH
    
  
  

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  Oxidation Reduction (RedOx) Reactions

  • oxidation
    • loss of electron(s),
    • releases energy
  • reduction
    • gain of electron(s)
    • requires energy
  • coupled rxns
    • energy released by oxidation
    • provides energy for reduction
  
  

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